The following references are from independent and highly respected institutions investigating the benefits of negative ions. These references are merely a small sample of the extensive testing that has been undertaken over decades of research.
Importantly, these references are not ‘marketing hype’, nor is it ‘in-house’ or 'paid research' on behalf of Vital-ion, but genuine research detailing the health benefits of negative ions.
Goel N, Etwaroo G.R. Bright light, negative air ions and auditory stimuli produce rapid mood changes in a student population: a placebo-controlled study. Department of Psychology, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT, USA. Psychological Medicine. 2006 Sep;36(9):1253-63. Epub 2006 Jun 7.
Quote: “The auditory stimulus, bright light and high-density ions all produced rapid mood changes - with small to medium effect sizes - in depressed and non-depressed subjects, compared with the low-density placebo, despite equivalent pre-study expectations. Thus, these stimuli improve mood acutely in a student sample, including a subset with depressive symptoms.”
English J. The positive Health Benefits of Negative Ions. Nutrition Review, [Online]: www.nutritionreview.org/library/negative.ions.html
Quote: “Research supports the view that negative ions have a net positive effect on health, including improved mood, stabilized catecholamine regulation and circadian rhythm, enhanced recovery from physical exertion and protection from positive ion-related stress and exhaustion disorders.”
Terman M, Terman J.S. Controlled trial of naturalistic dawn stimulation and negative air ionization for seasonal affective disorder. Department of Biopsychology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2007 Mar; 163 (12):2126-3
Quote: “Naturalistic dawn simulation and high-density ionization are active antidepressants that do not require the effort of post awakening bright light therapy. They can be considered candidate alternatives to bright light or medication.”
Reilly T, Stevenson I.C. An investigation of the effects of negative air ions on responses to submaximal exercise at different times of day. Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, School of Human Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, England. Journal of Human Ergology. 1993 Jun;22(1):1-9.
Quote: “Results confirm that negative air ions are biologically active and that they do affect the body's circadian rhythmicity.”
Nakane H, Asami O, Yamada Y, Ohira H. Effect of negative air ions on computer operation, anxiety and salivary chromogranin A-like immunoreactivity. Research-Domain 37, Materials Department, Toyota Central R&D Laboratories. International Journal of Psychophysiology. 2002 Oct;46(1):85-9.
Quote: “Task performance was not slightly but significantly improved by the presence of negative air ions. These results suggest that negative air ions are effective for the reduction of and the prompt recovery from stress caused by computer operation.”
Goel N, Terman M, Terman J.S, Macchi M.M, & Stewart, J.W. Controlled trial of bright light and negative air ions for chronic depression. Department of Psychology, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT, USA; 2 New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA; 3 Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. Psychological Medicine. 2005 Jul;35(7):945-55.
Quote: “Both bright light and negative air ions are effective for treatment of chronic depression.”
Krueger, A P. Reed, E J. Biological impact of small air ions. Science. 1976 Sep 24;193(4259):1209-13.
Quote: “Since ion depletion is a constant concomitant of modern urban life, one reasonably may speculate about comparable inimical effects on humans.”
Baron, R. Effects of negative ions on cognitive performance. Journal of Applied Psychology. 1987 Feb Vol 72(1) 131-137
Quote: “Together, the findings of these studies suggest that negative air ions can indeed exert appreciable effects on cognitive performance.”
Ryushi, T, Kita, I, Sakurai, T, Yasumatsu, M, Isokawa, M, Aihara, Y, & Hama, K. The effect of exposure to negative air ions on the recovery of physiological responses after moderate endurance exercise. Department of Exercise and Sports Science, Faculty of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan. International Journal of Biometeorology. 1998 Feb;41(3):132-6.
Quote: “The diastolic blood pressure (DBP) values during the recovery period were significantly lower in the presence of negative ions than in their absence. The plasma levels of serotonin (5-HT) and dopamine (DA) were significantly lower in the presence of negative ions than in their absence.”
Howard, P.J Ph.D. Negative Ions for the Brain. The Owner's Manual for the Brain: Everyday Applications from Mind-Brain Research. Second Edition. 2000. Bard Press, Texas, USA.
Quote: “High concentrations of negative ions are essential for high energy and positive mood”. "If you deplete the air of negative ions, you experience an increase in serotonin and its attendant drowsiness and relaxation—not what you want when mental agility is demanded.
